Korean Grammar - Making Adverbs

 

 

For adjectives, you can add one of the adverb markers: 이 (or) 리 (or) 히 (or) 게 to the meaningful stem of the adjective. However, since there is no specific rule for when each specific adverb marker is added, you have to learn each adverb by heart. 

 

 

Certain adjectives, such as 깨끗하다, 높다, 깊다, 가깝다, and etc., can have more than one adverb marker. 

 

 

Ex)

깨끗하게 = 깨끗이, 높게= 높이, 가깝게 = 가까이, 깊이 = 깊게, 솔직히 = 솔직하게 ...

 

For some nouns, by adding adverb marker: (적)으로 to a noun, the form “noun(적)으로” becomes an adverb.

 

Some adverbs such as 일찍, 조금, 아주, 자주, 가끔, 항상, 잘, and etc., have none of these adverb markers; therefore, you have to memorize each adverb that don’t include the adverb markers. 

 

Adverb Markers					Non A.M. (A.M.: Adverb Markers)
-이	-히	-리	-게	(적)으로	ɸ
깨끗이 clean	열심히 hard	빨리 fast	심하게 badly	활동적으로 actively	일찍 early
가까이 Closely, near	영원히 forever	멀리 far	뚜렷하게 clearly	사교적으로 sociably	조금 = 약간 a bit
높이   high	특별히 specially	…	이상하게 Strangely, weirdly	사회적으로 socially	아주 = 매우 = 너무= 엄청 very
같이 together	특히 especially		깨끗하게 cleanly	계획적으로 in a planned way	자주 = 종종 often
많이 a lot	천천히 slowly		늦게 late	체계적으로 systemically	가끔 = 때때로 sometimes
뚜렷이 clearly	똑똑히 clearly		나쁘게 badly	규칙적으로 regularly	항상 = 언제나 always
깊이 deeply	안녕히 peacefully		착하게 nicely	긍정적으로 positively	잘 well
…	충분히 enough		시끄럽게 noisily	논리적으로 logically	나중에 later
	솔직히 frankly		높게 high	이성적으로 rationally	제발 please
	확실히 surely, certainly		가깝게 In a closer way	감성적으로 sentimentally	곧 soon
	분명히 clearly, obviously		작게 In a small way	충동적으로 impulsively	바로 Immediately, exactly
	정확히 precisely, accurately		깊게 Deeply, profoundly	실용적으로 practically	갑자기 suddenly
	조용히 quietly,  silently		많게 a lot	감정적으로 emotionally	아마(도)  maybe
	…		적게 little	처음으로 for the first time	오늘 today
			얇게 thinly	진심으로 sincerely, truly	어제 yesterday
			즐겁게 pleasantly		내일 tomorrow
			맛있게 deliciously		조금 전에 =  아까earlier
			기쁘게 gladly		이미 = 벌써 already
			두껍게 thickly		여기 here
			행복하게 happily		저기 there
			지나치게 extremely		정말 = 진짜 really
			심각하게 seriously		꼭 make sure to,definitely
			크게 loudly		조금 후에 = 이따가 a bit later
			슬프게 sadly		…
			…

 

Ex)

그는 심하게 기침했어요. (기침하다 to cough) He coughed badly.

뚜렷하게 쓰세요. Please write clearly.

그들은 이상하게 보여요. (보이다 to be seen) They look strange.

나쁘게 말하지 마세요. Please don’t talk badly.

크게 말하지 마세요. Please don’t speak loudly.

불 가까이 가지 마십시오.  Please don’t go close to the fire.

그녀는 멀리 있어요. She is far away.

저는 한국어를 빨리 말할 수 없어요. I can’t speak Korean fast.

바다 깊이 수영하지 마세요. Don’t swim too deep in the ocean.

새가 하늘 높이 날아요. A bird flies high in the sky.

요즘 다이어트 중이라서 적게 먹고 있어요. I am eating little since I am on a diet.

당근을 얇게 썰었어요. (썰다 to cut) I sliced the carrot thinly.

그녀는 항상 열심히 일해요. She always works hard.

저는 제 가족을 영원히 사랑해요. I love my family forever.

같이 갑시다! Let’s go together!

제가 가지고 있는 신발 중에서 특히 이 신발을 좋아해요. I especially like these shoes among the ones I have.

점심을 많이 먹어서 배불러요. I’m full because I ate a lot for lunch.

그들은 수영을 잘 해요. They swim well. 

숙제를 꼭 하세요. Make sure to do your homework.

 

 

Exercise 1) Translate the sentence into Korean using adverbs, and vice versa.

.

1 The mountain is far away from here. (산 mountain)

 

2. Please don’t behave badly. (행동하다 behave)

 

3. Please give me a lot of food. 

 

4. I spent the weekend well.

 

5. He always works hard. (항상 = 언제나 always)

 

6. Please speak a bit slower. (조금 a bit, 천천히 slowly)

 

7. I want to fly high. (날다 fly)

 

8. Have your dream be big. (꿈 dream, 가지다 have, 크다 to be big)

 

9. I ate enough for breakfast. (충분히 enough)

 

10. She eats less than I do. 

 

11. The kid cries sadly. (울다 cry)

 

12. 제 친구는 열심히 공부해요. 

 

13. 저는 여기에서 멀리 살아요.

 

14. 더 가까이 오세요. 

 

15. 이상하게 행동하지 마세요. (행동하다 to behave/act)

 

16. 친구의 집은 우리 집 바로 앞에 있어요. (우리 집 our/my house, 바로 앞에 right in front of)

    

17. 오늘 날씨가 너무 덥네요!  […네요!  Wow! (Surprise, realization, or a new discovery)]

 

18. 그는 밥을 너무 빨리 먹어서 갑자기 배탈이 났어요. (배탈이 나다 to have a stomachache)

 

19. I try to schedule my day in a planned way.   (일정을 세우다 to schedule a day, 계획적으로 in a planned way)

   

20. He laughs loudly. (웃다 to smile/laugh, 크게 loudly)